Road spreader



Aug. 19, 1941. LUNDBYE 2,252,717

ROAD SPREADER Filed NOV. 20, 1937 6 Sheets-Sheet l 1 11 (/671Z07" M (l I Z! 0W, 440C 7034 J .fifiorfl 65/) Aug. 19, 1941. A. E. LUNDBYE ROAD SPREADER Filed Nov. 20, 1957 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 Aug. 19, 1941. A. E. LUNDBYE ROAD SPREADER 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Nov. 20, 1957 A. E. LUNDBYE R OAD SPREADER Aug. 19, 1941.

6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Filed Nov. 20, 193'? Patented Aug. 19, 1941 ROAD SPREADER.

Axel E. Lundbye, Nunda, N. Y., assignor to Admin Ensin eering Corporation, Wilmington, DeL, a

corp ration of Delaware Application November 20, 1931, Serial a... mass:

23 Claims.

This invention relates to a road spreader and more. particularly to a machine for laying and spreading road building materials of various character, such as loose stone, hot or cold mixes of asphalt and aggregate. etc.

One of the principal objects of this invention is to provide such a spreader which will lay a smooth surfaced course of material over a comparatively rough roadway without the use of forms and which is adjustable to spread a layer of any desired thickness, varying from an extremely thin surfacing coating to a deep course of material.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a road spreader in which the means for leveling the road building material is supported by a pair of relatively long skids or runners so that the leveling means are unaffected by minor irregularities in the road and a smooth surfaced course applied eventhoughthe roadway is comparatively rough and in which the runners are provided with anti-friction means along their undersides, preferably in the form of rollers, so asto reduce the drag of the runners.

Another object of the invention is to provide a road spreader having such runners provided on theirundersides with anti-friction means and in which the runners, in addition to supporting the leveling means, also support a hopper into which the paving material is dumped and from which this material is deposited on the road surface to bepaved.

Another object of the invention is to provide a paver having such anti-friction runners in which the runners are adapted to support the entire weight of the machine.

Another object is to provide a paver having such anti-friction runners which carry edger plateslor guards which confine the material being deposited and assist in laying a strip of uniform width and having square shoulders at opposite sides.

Another object is to provide such a paver in which the rear wall of the hopper is provided in part by a plurality of 'verticallyadjustable gates which can be independently raised and lowered and also individually tilted to a limited degree. By this means the hopper gates can be set to deposit a crowned strip of paving material or can be set to deposit a strip which is wedgeshaped with or without a crown.

Another object of the present invention is to provide such a paver in which a spreading blade is provided for spreading the material deposited by the hopper, which spreading blade can be adjusted to spread the deposited layer of material to any desired width and which additionally includes adjustable end wings for spreading the material beyond the sides of the runners so as to lay a strip of pavement wider than the width of the machine. These end wings also preferably include an edger plate for building a square shoulder at the sides of the strip of pavement being deposited and the wings include an ad- 7 lusting mechanism for bringing them into parallelism with the strip in all positions of lateral adjustment of the main spreader blades.

Another object is to provide such a spreader which can be provided either as a truck drawn spreader or as a self-propelled spreader.

Another aim is to provide, in a truck drawn spreader, a connecting means between the truck and the spreader comprising a relatively long chain or other flexible member providing a long coupling between the truck and spreader box so that there is no tendency for the truck to lift the front end of the spreader box as is the case with a short connection between the rear end of the truck and the front end of the spreader box and also to provide, in combination with such draft chains, a pair of brackets at the front end of the spreader box through which the chains pass and which render the spreader box steerable in that the front end of the spreader box is compelled to follow the truck although free to move vertically.

Another object of the invention is to provide a spreader box having a power reciprocated combined leveling and raker bar, this bar effectively raking the layer of material deposited by the hopper and at the same time providing a smooth surface thereon, and this reciprocating combined leveling and raker bar being independently ad- Justable at its opposite ends to enable the surfacing of wedge shaped strips and also being crownable to any desired degree so as to provide a crowned surface on the road.

Another object is to provide a lengthwise reciprocated combined leveling and raker bar comprising a trailing or rear flat portion adapted to smooth the surfacing material and an upwardly inclined front portion adapted to guide or lead the material under the rear flat portion and also provided with teeth for raking and evening the surface of the material before being smoothed by the flat rear portion.

Another purpose is to provide such a reciprocating combined leveling and raker bar in which the teeth consist of a plurality of pointed rods which are removably mounted on the angular front portion of the raker bar and extend forwardly and downwardly at right angles to said angular portion so as to effectively dig into and rake the surface to be smoothed. In the preferred form of the invention these rods are also so mounted as to be lengthwise adjustable on the angular front portion so that they can be adjusted outwardly to compensate for wear.

Another aim is to provide such a combined 60 reciprocating leveling and raker bar in which the angular forwardly and upwardly extending portion of the bar is slotted to permit the bar to be readily crowned to different degrees as may be required.

Another object is to provide a combined reciprocating leveling and raker bar assembly in which the bar is crowned to different degrees by the simple provision of a plurality of vertical turnbuckles connecting the bar with an overhead lengthwise reciprocating sliding bar, the entire assembly being supported at its ends by guides on which the leveling and raker bar rides so that the leveling and raker bar reciprocates along the crown to which it is set.

Another object is to slidingly support the above assembly from an I- beam which is yieldingly urged downwardly by an independent adjusting mechanism and spring at each end and supported at each end by an adjustable cable, this providing a simple and effective means for adjusting the elevation of the leveling and raker bar assembly and .at the same time permitting the ends of the assembly to rise and fall in following the curvature of the crown of the road.

Another object is to prevent the lateral movement of the I-beam by providing a pair of guide brackets longside the links connecting the I- Y with the carriage, the pivotal connection of the links with the carriage being adjustable vertically so that each link can be adjusted to a hori-- zontal position parallel with the forces imposed upon it.

Another object is to provide brackets on said I-beam which carry thrust rollers engaging the rear side ofthe leveling and raker bar. 7 Another object is to provide such a. spreader which isextremely simple in construction and operation and thereby can be produced at low cost; which is quickly and easily adjustable to provide any desired thickness or type of surface; which is rigid and strong in construction and adaptable to a wide range of material varying from coarse rock to sandy bituminous paving materials; which can be propelled and operated with small power consumption; and which provides a smooth level surface even though the pavement being surfaced is quite rough.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a road spreader embodying my invention and shown as being drawn along by a dump truck.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view thereof. 4

Fig. 3 is an enlarged side elevation of the road spreader.

Fig. 4 is a rear elevation thereof.

Fig. 5 is a top plan view thereof.

Fig. 6 is a vertical fragmentary central section,

taken on line 5- 5, Fig. 5.

Figs. 7, 8 and 9 are vertical transverse sections, taken on the correspondingly numbered lines on Fig. 6.

Fig. 10 is a fragmentary horizontal section.

taken on line ill-Ill, Fig. 6 and looking downwardly.

' Fig. 11 is a'fragmentary vertical section, taken on line H-l I, Fig. 5.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary vertical section, taken on line l2i2, Fig. 3.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary horizontal section, taken on line l2i3, Fig. 9.

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary side elevation of a a power operated combined level and raker bar. Fig. 15 is a rear elevation of the form of paver shown in Fig. 14.

Fig. 16-is a vertical longitudinal enlarged section through the combined leveling and raker' the hopper at the front end of the paver. The

truck 29 is shown as having a cross bar 22 with eyes 23 to which the draft chains for the paver are secured, as hereinafter described.

The frame of the road spreader shown in Figs. 1-13 comprisesa pair of inner longitudinal channels 25 and 26 and a. pair of outer longitudinal channels 2'! and 28. At the rear end of the paver these channels are connected by a cross channel 29 and intermediate their front and rear ends, the inner channels 25, 26 are connected by cross bars 39 and 3| which are preferably likewise of channel form. The channels constituting the carriage can be welded or secured together in any suitable manner.

At the front end of the paver each of the inner channels 25, 26 is supported by a bracket 25 and each of the outer longitudinal channels is supported by a bracket 36. These brackets 25, 26 can be secured to the underside of the longitudinal channels in any suitable manner and form the means for supporting the front ends of the paver on axles 31. These axles are comparatively short, one being provided at each side of the machine, and extend from the bracket to the corresponding bracket 35. These axles are rotatably mounted in the brackets and on each axle is-mounted a front roller 38, the front rollers 35 rotating on the axles 31 and being disposed between the brackets 35 and 36, as best illustrated in Fig. 4.

Brackets 40 and 4| identical with the brackets 35 and 35 are mounted on the longitudinal channels 25-28 near their rear ends and each pair of brackets 40, 4| carries-a short axle 42 on which a rear roller 43 is loosely mounted.

A hopper, indicated generally at 45, is provided at the front end of the paver, this hopper extending between the longitudinal channels 25, 26 and comprising a rear wall 45, side walls 41 and 48 and a front wall 49, the-hopper being open at its bottom, as indicated at 55, so that the road making material deposited therein, will an angle bar 52 and its lower edge 53 terminates a substantial distance above the level of the ground. This rear wall of the hopper carries a plurality of independently adjustable gates by means of which the thickness and form of the strip of paving material deposited from the hopper is regulated. The hopper is shown as having three such gates 55 although it will be understood that a. greater number could be provided.

Each of these gates 55 is guided at its edges by a spacer bar or strip 56 which can be welded to modified form of road spreader, this form having the rear face of the hopper wall 45 and at its outer edge has welded thereto a plate 51 which serves to prevent rearward displacement of the gates 55. Each of the gates 55 is sufficiently narrow so that in addition to being movable vertically in the guideways formed by the strip 58 and plates 81, each plate can be cocked or set at an angle.

Each plate 55 is raised, lowered or set at an angle by means of a pair of hand screws 58. These hand screws extend through the angle bar 58 at the top of the hopper wall 41 and each is provided with a hand wheel 58. These hand screws 58 work in threaded bosses 88 welded to the rear face of the hopper wall 48 and at its lower and each hand screw is rotatably secured toan angle 8| at the top of each gate 55. Any suitable means can be provided for permitting the screws 58 to rotate relative .to the gates 55 such small rollers are provided in each runner but it is understood that more or less could be provided. A bracket 18 is bolted to. the front end of each inner angle bar 85 and extends forwardly and upwardly. the front end thereof being secured to the corresponding stationary front axle 81 of the paver.. A similar bracket II is secured to the front end of the outer angle, bar 88 and connected to the axle 81. The rear ends of the angle bars 85 and 88 are similarly connected to the rear axles 42 by brackets I2 and 18. Since the runners with their anti-friction rollers 88 but to compel the gates to'rise therewith, two

It is apparent that the hand screws can be I turned by means of the hand wheels 58 and each gate can be adjusted vertically independently of the other gates. Further, as each gate is sup:- ported by two hand screws, one side of the gate can be lifted more than the other. By this means if it is desired to lay a wedge shaped strip ofpavement the gates 55 are adjusted so that they are progressively higher from one side of the paver to the other and each is also cocked so that lower. edges of the gates are arranged in line with one another. It will also be seen that if it is desired to lay a crowned road the center gate can be adjusted higher than the side gates.

and the side gates cocked upwardly toward the center of the paver so as to form, generally, a strip of crowned form.

In resurfacing a road it is desirable to provide a surface which is comparatively smooth and provision must therefore be made, where forms are not employed, to insure that irregularities inthe surface being paved are not reproduced on the finished surface laid by the paver. To this end the entire paver is supported at its opposite sides by skids or runners, indicated generally at 84, which bridge irregularities in the surface being paved and support the depositing and leveling means so that the depositing and leveling means are carried along a substantially straight line even though the surface beingpaved is quite rough. While I have shown the runners as arranged to support the entire weight of the machine it will be understood that their principal function is to carry the leveling means (hereinafter described) and that the carriage and hopper could be carried by the front. and rear wheels 88, 48 and only the leveling means carried by the runners.

One of the principal disadvantages in the use of such skids or runners in road pavers is the very great friction of such runners and power necessary to drag them along the ground. To avoid this disadvantage I have equipped the skids with a plurality of rollers which reduce the friction while at the same time obtaining the advantage inherent in using skids for supporting the leveling means of a paving machine. To this end the runner at each side of the paving machine includes an inner longitudinal angle bar 85 and an outer longitudinal angle bar 88, these angle bars being spaced and carrying a plurality of spaced bearings 81 supporting the axles 88 of small rollers 88. In the paver shown six are secured to the axles 81 and 42 it will be seen that as the paver is drawn along the paver will frequently be supported entirelyby the rollers 88 of the runners and that these runners will bridge irregularities in a road so that these irregularities are not reproduced in the layer of paving material deposited by the paver.

In order to confine the material deposited from the hopper a pair of baffle or edger plates 18 are 'mounted alongside the inner angle bars 85 of the runners. These plates 15 can be secured to the runners in any suitable manner, as by bolts 18.

The material deposited from the hopper is spread and leveled by a plowlike arrangement at the rear end of the spreader, the blades of this plow being extensible laterally so that the deposited material can be spread to form a strip of any desired width. To this end a plat" 88 is mounted on the cross bars 88 and 8| along the center line of the machine. This plate 88 is provided with a wide central slot 8| extending along the center line of the machine and flanked by narrower slots 82. A slide 88 is supported on the plate and is secured thereto by bolts 84 which ride in the slots 82. By loosening the bolts 84 the slide 83 can be moved forwardly and rearwardly along the slots 82 to any desired position and on tightening the bolts 84 the slide is held rigidly in position. The slide 83 is formed to provide a boss or collar 85 which slidably receives a main post 88, this post being vertically movable in the boss or collar 85 as illustrated in Fig. 6. This post is formed integrally with a large casting 81 which extends forwardly and at its front end carries the point or nose 88 of the plow, this point dividing the flow of material deposited by the hopper. This nose can be secured to the casting 81 in any suitable manner and is formed to provide left and right hand wings or sides 88, 80 which are preferably vertically disposed. The main left and right hand blades 8| and 82 of the plow have their front ends disposed behind the wings 88, 88 of the dividing point or nose and are pivotally connected to-' gether. For this purpose each of the main blades is provided at its front end .with .a pair of ears 83 arranged one above the other and these ears are connected by a pin 84, as best shown in Fig. 6.

In-rear of the point of pivotal connection of the two main plow blades 8| and 82 the casting.

81 is formed to provide a downwardly extending post which is in line with the post 86 and at its lower end is extended laterally, as indicated at 88 in Fig. 8 and provided with a slideway 81. Rods 88 move in the slideway 81 and each rod is pivotally connected, as indicated at 88, to ears I88 secured to the inner face of the corresponding plow blade. It will be seen that the rods 88 compel the main plow blades tomove along with the road spreader and at the same time permit the plow blades to be spread apart around their pivotal connection to one another, the rods 99 sliding in and out of the slideway 91.

Means are provided for adjusting the elevation .of the front end of the plow including both the nose 89and the two main blades 9| and 92. For this purpose a vertical screw shaft MI is provided extending through and having threaded engagement with the slide 85 and having a hand wheel- I02 for turning the same. The lower-end .of this screw shaft extends through a rearwardly projecting ear I03 formed integrally with the casting 81 but is free to rotate relative to the ear I09. 'In order to compel the casting 81 to move up and down with the screw shaft a pair of collars I04 are providedat the bottom of the screw shaft IN, the ear I08 being located between these collars. Since the casting 91 carries both the nose or point 88 of the plow and also the front end of the main plow blades 9| and 92 it will be seen that'upon turning the hand screw |0| up or down a corresponding adjust I in turn carries a vertical screw shaft I01 provided with a hand wheel I08. A pair of spaced collars I09 are carried at the lower end of each screw shaft I01 and between these collars is mounted the upper leg of a U-shaped bracket I III, the collars compellingthis bracket to move upwardly and downwardly with the screw shaft but permitting the screw shaft to turn relative to the bracket. The brackets II 0 are suitably secured to the opposite ends of a transverse I-beam III. This I-beam is free to rise and fall in accordance with the adjustment of the screws I01 but is held against lateral displacement, as best shown in Fig. 9, by a pair of large posts 2 each securely mounted on the extreme end of the I-beam III and extending upwardly through sleeves ||3 mounted in the corresponding plate I05 and preferably formed integrally with the screw collar I05 supporting the adjacent adjustingshaft I01. The posts 2 are free to slide vertically in the sleeves I I3 but prevent rearward displacement of the I-beam III which, together with the post 95,

takes the thrust of the paving material against the blades of the plow.

At its center the I-beam, as best shown in Fig. 9, carries a gear casing 5 which is also formed to provide bearings 8 for a transverse shaft III. Keyed to the center of this shaft is a worm wheel II9 which is driven by a worm II9, this worm being keyed to a shaft I20 extending along the center line of the machine. As best shown in Fig. 6, this shaft I20 is journaled in bearings I2| also formed in the gear case 5 and is provided with a hand wheel I22 by means of which the worm gear II9, worm wheel 8 and shaft-I II are turned. The opposite ends of the shaft III are pinned to right and left hand turnbuckle sleeves I25 and I29, the outer ends of which, as best shown in Fig. 9, ar journaled in bearings I21 secured to the ends of the I-beam III. The outer end of the right and left hand turnbuckle sleeves I25 and I25 are threaded and receive right and left hand threaded turnbuckle shafts I28 and I29. These shafts I28 and I29 are held against turning and are pivotally secured to the left and right hand plow blades 9| and 92. For this purpose the end of each ofthe shafts I28 and I29 is formed to provide an eye or knuckle I90 embracing a verticalpivot pin I9I, the opposite ends of which are carried by ears I82 suitably secured to the rear faces of the plow blades 9| and 92 as best illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10. It will be seen that upon' turning the hand wheel I22 the turnbuckle sleeves I25 and I29 are rotated through the worm H9 and worm wheel 8 and since these sleeves are oppositely threaded the screw shafts I29 and I29 are moved outwardly or inwardly to effect a corresponding adjustment of the spacing and angularity of the main plow blades 9| and 92, as illustrated by full and dotted line's'in Fig. 10.

In order to permit of adjusting the plow blades 9| and 92 to generally conform with the form of strip provided with the adjustment of the gates 55 at the rear of the hopper the fit of the posts 89 and H2 in the sleeves 95 and III, respectively, and the various pivotal connections connecting A the front endsof the plow blades 9| and 92 and connecting the adjusting mechanisms to these plow blades are sumciently loose to permit of independently adjusting the ends of the blades 9| and 92. For example, if a crowned road is being laid the center gate 55 is elevated relative to the side gates and the nose 88 and front ends of the blades 9| and92 are adjusted to a position higher than the rear ends of the blades 9| and 92. Similarly, if a wedge shaped strip is being laid the entire plow structure is tilted to conform to the desired angle of the surface by adjusting one hand wheel m higher than the other hand wheel and adjusting the hand wheel I02 to an intermediate position.

As illustrated in Fig. 1, the-main plow blades 0 width of the machine. It will be seen that by adjusting the main plow blades 9| and 92 inwardly or outwardly by means of the hand wheel I22 this effective width can be varied as may be desired and in order to increase the effective width of the plow and also to provide means for molding a square shoulder at the edge of the strip being laid, spreading wines are mounted on the rear ends of the plow blades 9| and 92. As best shown in Fig; 9 each of these wings is in the form of an L-shaped metal plate I35 having a long arm I39 extending parallel with the tumbuckle for spreading the main plow blades 9| and.

92 and having a short arm I91 extending parallel with the major axis of the machine and located beyond the sides of the machine. These wings I35 are pivotally secured to the main blades of the plow and for this purpose the long arm I99 of each wing is provided in its front face with an ear I99 which is connected by a vertical pivot pin I39 with a pair of ears I40 mounted on the rear face of the corresponding 'main' blade. The short arms I31 of the spreading wings I35 each carry an edger plate I45, this edger plate I45 extending forwardly parallel with the major axis of the machine and being vertically adjustable. For

along the surface to be paved and mold a square shoulder on the strip regardless of the vertical adjustment of the plow.

On adjusting the plow blades 9| and 92 outwardly, as illustrated by the light dotted lines in Fig. 9, the edger plates would be moved'to a position where they would toe in, as also illustrated by the light dotted lines in this figure. As it is essential, of course, to have these edger plates disposed parallel with the axis of the paver, means are provided for bringing these edger plates back into parallelism, as illustrated by the heavy dash lines in Fig.9. For this purpose a turnbuckle I50 is interposed between the center of each main plow blade 9I and 92 and the inner spreader wing I35. It will be seen that upon adjusting the main blades 9| and 92 of the plow inwardly or. outwardly the turnbuckles I50 can be adjusted to swing the spreader'wings I35 about thepivot pins I39 and bring the edger plates I45 carried thereby into parallelism with one an-' other.

Theinvention also for connecting the paver with the dump truck -20 which causes the paver to follow the truck as it is moved forwardly and at the same time is so constructed that there is no tendency for the truck to lift the front end of the paver under any condition.

As previously stated the truck is shown as equipped near its center with the, cross bar 22 and to the eyes 23 at the opposite ends of this cross bar are secured draft chains I51,'the rear ends of which are connected to plates or brackets I58 projecting outwardly from the paver frame near its center. Adjacent the front end of the paver the chains I51 pass over horns I59 or other suitable guides so that the chains are held close to the sides of the paver and truck and when the truck is turned the paver is caused to follow. It will be seen that by the provision of a long flexible connection between thetruck and the paver the rising or falling of the rear end or any part of the truckwill have no tendency to lift the front end of the paver as would be the case if a short coupling were employed. It is also apparent that the essence of this improvement is the provision of a long flexible coupling held to the sides of the paver near its front end and that the chain connections to the truck and paver could be variously effected as by having the chain extending comprehends draft means from the cross bar 22 to the front end of the bar is shown as derived from a gas engine I50 i which is mounted on the main frame of the spreader, this main frame being supported by front and rear wheels and intermediate runners having antifricti0n rollers in the same manner as the preferred construction and the same numerals being therefore employed.

The reciprocating leveling and raker bar assembly includes a transverse I-beam I5 I on each end of which is mounted an angle bar I52, each of these angle bars extending forwardly and being connected to a bracket I53 depending from the main frame of the spreader. Each bracket I58 is provided with a slot I54 through which the pivot bolt I55 connecting it with the corresponding angle bar I52 extends in such manner that the angle bar I52 is free to pivot about the bolt I55 and this pivotal point can be adjusted vertically along the slot I54. Lateral movement of the I-beam I5I and its arms I52 is preventedby a pair of guides I10 at each side of the carriage. these guides having fiat outer faces against which the inner faces of the angle bars or arms I52 bear.

Each end of the I-beam I5I can be independently adjusted as to height. Preferably the adlusting means include a cable at each end of the I-beam from which the I-beam is suspended and also a spring loaded screw for holding the I-beam down and the cable in tension. As best shown in v Fig. 15 the cable I1I at each end of the I-beam I 5I is secured to the I-beam in any suitable manner as indicated at "2, and winds upon a drum I 13 which is rotatably mounted on a pin I 14 supported from a plate I15. Each of these plates I15 bridgesthe channels 25, 21 and 25, 28, as best shown in Fig. 18. Each drum I13 is formed integrally with a worm wheel I15 which is turned by a worm I 11 keyed to a shaft I18, each shaft I18 being provided with a hand wheel I19. It will be,

The lower end of each screw extends into a sleeve 1 I84 which is pivoted as indicated at I85 to the center of the channel of the corresponding angle bar I52. The lower end of each screw I is provided with a head I which bears against a compression spring I81 in the bottom of the sleeve I84. By this means upon screwing either hand screw I80 down, the corresponding spring I81 is put under compression and a yielding pressure exerted upon the arms I52 and I-beam I5I and hold the combined leveling and raker device in proper working engagement with the road surface, as hereinafter described.

' Secured to the underside of the I-beam I5I in spaced relation are a plurality of bearings I each of which is formed to provide a slideway I9I for a fiat bar I92, as best shown in Fig. 20. This flat bar extends the full length of the I-beam I5I and is reciprocated longitudinally from the motor I50 by means of a crank wheel I99 which is driven from the motor I 50 by means of a chain I94, or in any other suitable manner, and has a crank pin I95. This crank pin is connected by a connecting rod I with a slide bar I91 sliding in brackets I98 carried by the main frame. The opposite end of the slide bar I91 is connected by a pin I99 with a pair of brackets 200, these brack-r ets straddling the I-beam I GI and being connected at their lower ends to the opposite sides 01' and'bar "2 to be adjusted vertically the pin I99 In order to cause the combined leveling and raker bar to reciprocate along the arc of its rides in vertical slots 29! provided in the brackets 209, this slot permitting relative vertical movement of the slide bar I91 and the bar I92 by transmittingthe reciprocating movement of the .slide bar I" to the flat bar I.

The combined leveling and raker barcomprises a bar extending the full width of the machine and having a lower fiat horlzonally disposed portion 295 and a front portion 299 extending upwardly from the front edge of the flat portion 295 at an angle of approximately 45, as best illustrated in Fig. 16. This combined leveling and raker bar is mounted, as hereinafter described, to reciprocate with the flat bar I92 and its raking eifect is obtained by a plurality of teeth 2". 298 and 299 which are in the form of .rods or spikes having points 2" and threaded at their opposite ends. These rods are screwed into threaded openings in the angularly disposed portion 299 of the combined leveling and raker bar and are located in position byv means oflock nuts 2| I. The rods are perpendicular to the angular portion 299 and thereby extend forwardly and downwardly into engagement with the strip of pavement being laid, the points 2! of the several rods being disposed in the same plane and hence the rods 291, 299 and 299 being progressively of shorter length. As the combined leveling and raker bar 295, 20! is reciprocated these rods rake and smooth the surface of the strip deposited from the hopper curvature the opposite ends 'of this leveling and rather bar are supported and slide upon bars 225 which also form edger plates at each side of the strip being laid. Each of the bars 22! is connected-by a pair of bolts 229 with an angle plate 221 secured to and projecting downwardly from the corresponding angle bar "2, as best illustrated in Fig. 14. The bolts 229 extend through slots 22! in the plates 221 so that the bars 22! can be adjusted vertically. In laying a thick strip of pavement the bars 229 are adiusted upwardly so as to support the flat portion 2 of the combined leveling and raker bar in the elevated position. In providing a crowned surface the cables "I are left sufliciently loose so that the leveling and raker bar is, pressed against and slides upon the guide bars 22l. It will therefore be seen that as the leveling-and raker bar is reciprocated its movement will be along the arc at the front end of the machine after which the fiat portion 295 of the bar passes over the marlned portion and irons and smooths the strip so as to provide a finished road surface.

The combined leveling and raker bar is connected to the reciprocated flat bar I92 by means.

which permit of crowning the combined leveling and raker bar so as to provide any desired crown in the finished pavement. For this purpose the forward extension 209 of the combined leveling and raker bar isprovided at spaced intervals with slots 2|! which extend inwardly from the front edge, to. the flat portion 206 of the combined leveling and raker bar, as best shown in Fig. 15. To adjust and provide any desired crown in the a combined leveling and raker bar the flat portion of this bar is connectedto the' reciprocating flat bar I92 by a plurality of tumbuckles 2l6 each of which comprises a right hand threaded pin 2" secured to and projecting upwardly from the flat portion 295 of the raker bar, a similar left hand threaded pin 2|! projecting downwardly from the sliding bar I92 and a sleeve 2l9 connecting the pins 2" and land correspondingly reversely threaded at its opposite ends. It will be seen that by turning the several sleeves 2|9 the combined leveling and raker bar 295, 298 can be curved or crowned to any deslreddegree. As the paver moves along there is a substantial rearward thrust against the combined leveling and raker bar 205, 206. To take this thrust a pair of brackets 229 are secured to the opposite ends of the I-beam iii and extend downwardly in rear of the combined leveling and raker bar, as best shown in Figs. 15 and 16. Each of these brackets carries a roller 22| which bears against a short angle bar 222 mounted on the flat portion 295 of the leveling and raker bar. Since the I- beam ill is held against both rearward and lateral displacement by the'brackets I89 and H9 it will be seen that the rollers 22] prevent the combined leveling and raker bar from being forced rearwardly and straining the turnbuckles 2".

of its curvature and hence provide crown in the road.

It will be understood, of course, that the motor I 89 can be employed'to propel the machine if it is desired to have a self-propelling machine.

Operation In operation .the paver is placed upon the surface to be paved and is coupled to a dump truck by the chains III, as illustrated in Figs. 1 andz, although it will be understood that the invention comprehends a self-propelled paver. In all forms of the invention the operator then adjusts the gates I! along the rear wall of the hopper to efthe desired feet the discharge of paving material from the hopper to the roadway in the form of a strip having the desired thickness and form. If it is desired to lay a strip which is wedge-shaped in transverse section the operator adjusts the hand wheels 59 so that they progressively decrease in height across the entire width of the paver. This adjustment of the hand wheels l9 turns the screws 58 so that the gates 55 are likewise disposed at progressively lower elevations and each gate is also cocked so that the lower edges of the several gates are in a straight line and are at an angle to the surface being paved thereby to effeet the discharge of the paving material thereunder in the form of a wedge-shaped strip. Similarly, the gates 55 can be adjusted so as to deposit a strip of generally crowned form,the center gate 55 being adjusted higher than the side gates and the side gates being cocked so that the lower edges of the several gates are of generally arching form.

As the truck moves along. drawing the paver behind, its dump box 2| is elevated so as to gradually discharge the road building material into the hopper. From this hopper the material passes under the gates which mold it in accordance with the positions ofthe gates.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 1--13 as the paver moves along the material deposited from the hopper in the form of a strip first strikes the nose 88 of the plow which is carried by the casting 81 (Fig. 6) and held against rearward movement by the post 99, this post being, however, free to rise or fall in its supporting sleeve 85 to permit of vertical adjustment thereof. This casting 81 also supports and prevents the rearward displacement of the main plow blades 9| and 92, the connection compris ins (Fig. 8) the pins 98 sliding in the casting l1 and pivotally connected to the main plow blades 9| and 92, the sliding pins permitting the main plow blades to be spread apart about their pivotal connection 94 to one another but holding the main plow'blades at the desired elevation and also preventing their rearward displacement.

To further hold the main plow blades 9I and 92 against rearward displacement the rear ends of these main plow blades are connected by a turnbuckle, the opposite ends of whichlare journaled in the bearings I21, these bearings being secured to an I-beam III- which carries large posts I I2 sliding in sleeves I I 3 on the main frame of the machine, as best shown in Fig. 9. It will be seen that the posts I I2 by preventing the rearward displacement of the turnbuckle pivotally connecting the rear ends of the main plow blades 9I' and 92 likewise prevent the rearward displacement of the main plow blades.

The material on striking the main plo'w blades 9| and 92 is spread out and engages the spreading wings I35 pivotally mounted at the rear ends of the main plow blades. These spreading wings I35 serve to spread the material out to and against the edger plates I45. Since the edger plates I45 are adjusted to closely follow the surface to be paved it will be seen that these edger plates provide and mold a square shoulder at the edge of the strip, thereby facilitating the accurate laying of a wide road in several parallel strips. It will also be noted that the spreading wings I35 are arranged so that they can be extended well beyond the sides of the paver so that the paver can lay a strip of pavement substantially wider than its own width.

As the paver rides along it encounters irregularities in the subgrade or surface to be repaved. If the paver were supported only by the front wheels 38 and the rear wheels 43 it will be seen that these irregularities would be reproduced in the finished surface. To avoid this the skids or runners indicated generally at 94 are carried by the main axles of the machine and prevent the front or rear wheels from dropping into a hole and hold the entire paver in a position generally rear wheels 39 and 43 and the runners employed merely to sppport the plow.

Such runners as heretofore used have been of the skid type in which the runner is dragged along the surface to be paved. This creates a high frictional resistance to movement of the paver and also high wear upon the runners and to avoid this the present invention proposes to provide the runners with the plurality of rollers 99 which serve as anti-friction means for reducing the friction of the runners not being moved along the surface to be paved.

The operator in adjusting the plow then proceeds to adjust the plow at the rear end of the paver so as'to provide a finished strip of the desired width.

To provide a strip of the desired width the operator first turns the hand wheel I22 (Fig. 6) thereby turning the worm HI and worm wheel H9. The rotation of the worm wheel (Fig. 9) turns the two turnipckle sleeves I25 and I29,

these plow blades with the spreading wings I35 carried thereby. With this adjustment the edger plates I carried by the spreading wings I95 are necessarily brought out of parallelism with one another and the operator therefore adjusts the hand wheels I52 of the turnbuckles I59 so as to swing the wings I35 about their pivotal connections I39 until the edger plates I45 are brought backinto parallelism with one another, these edger plates I45 determining the width of the striplaid.

The operator then adjusts the vertical positioning. of the several plow members. The nose of the plow is adjusted by turning the hand wheel I92 which lifts or depresses, through the screw I9I, the casting 91, this casting carrying the nose 89 of the plow and through the pins 99 (Fig. 8)

the front ends of the main blades 9| and 92 of the plow. The rear ends of the main blades 9| and 92 of'the plow, together with the spreading wings I35 carried thereby, are independently adjustable as to height by turning the hand wheels I99 which, through the screw I91 (Fig. 9) lifts the corresponding end of the I-beam Ill and hence the corresponding end of the main transverse turnbuckle connecting the rear ends of the plow blades'9l and92. Sufficient looseness is provided in the parts that the front end of the plow can be lifted higher than the trailing ends of the blades 9| and 92, thereby providing a crowned surface in the finished roadway conforming, of course, to the position of the gates 55. Likewise, the whole plow assembly can be tilted so as the spreading wings are adjusted vertically by loosening the bolts I41 and moving the edger plates up or down until they travel close to the surface to be repaved. The machine is then ready for operation, the hopper discharging material in the form of, say, a wedge shaped strip and the plow being set at a corresponding angle and spreading and smoothing this strip to provide a wide layer of the desired characteristics.

The paver shown in Figs. 14-20 is similar to the form shown in Figs. 1-13 except that in addition to or in place of the plow a reciprocating combined leveling and raker bar is employed to spread and surface the material deposited by the hopper. In operation the'motor I69 is operating and rotating the crank wheel I93 which recipro rates the brackets 299 transversely of the machine and thereby reciprocates the flat bar I92 to which the brackets 299 are connected. This bar I92 is slidably supported in blocks or bearings I99 which are carried by the I-beam IN and through the turnbuckles 2I9 carries the combined leveling and raker bar 295, 295. The pointed pins or teeth 291; 298, 299 projecting forwardly from the angular front portion 296 of this raker bar serve to rake and level the material deposited from the hopper and the flat rear portion 295 of this leveling and raker bar smoothes and irons the strip to provide the desired-surface. The rear thrust of the combined leveling and raker bar is taken by the rollers "I which are mounted in the brackets 229, these brackets being in turn connected to the I-beam I6I. This I-beam is in turn connected by the angle bars I92 with the brackets I63, the brackets I93 thereby taking the rearward thrust of the material against the raker bar. The I-beam III is held against lateral displacement by the guide brackets III which engage the sides of the angle bars I82.

In adjusting the mechanism preparatory to the paving operation, the operator first turns the hand wheels H9 at each side of the machine to elevate the corresponding end of the I-beam IGI to the desired extent. If a wedge shaped road is being laid, one end, of course, is adjusted higher than the other. If a crowned road is being laid, the operator turns the sleeves 2|! of the turnbuckles lit to provide the desired crown in the combined leveling and 'raker bar 205, 206, the forward extension 205 being slotted the bending of this bar.

The operator then loosens each bolt I" about which the arms I62 pivot and raises orlowers the normally pivoted end of each arm to bring each arm into a horizontal position so that the thrust is parallel with the arms. He then raises the edger and supporting plates I25 to a. position in which they support the flat lower portions 205 at each end of the combined leveling and raker bar so that in the reciprocating movement of the leveling and raker bar its path follows the curve.- ture determined by the setting of the tumbuckles Ill. The operator then screws down the hand wheels I" so as to impose the desired downward pressure on the angle bars I62, I-beam IBI and combined leveling and raker bar 205, 206. The paver is then in condition to continuously lay, rake and level the strip of pavement.

From the foregoing it is apparent that the present invention provides a very simple, rugged and inexpensive road paver which can be easily and quickly adjusted to deposit, without the use of forms, any type of road building material as a smooth surfaced strip of any desired form in cross section and of any desired width, including widths wider than the frame of the paver itself; by the use of the runners with their anti-friction rollers the finished surface is also smooth and free from irregularities even though the surface being paved is quite rough and irregular, the rollers on the runners reducing wear and the power necessary to propel the paver; th; plow employed provides a smooth accurately graded surface; the connection between thepaver and the truck is such that there is no tendency for the front end of the paver to be lifted by the truck to facilitate each of said runners in closely spaced relation along the bottoms thereof.

2. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a pair of runners connected with said carriage and drawn along, the surface to be paved, a leveling device carried by said runners, means for adjusting the elevation of said leveling device relative to said runners and a multiplicity of anti-friction rollers mounted on each of said runners in closely spaced relation along substantially the entire length thereof.

3. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage'adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a pair of runners fixedly connected with and supporting said carriage on the surface to be paved, a leveling device carried by said carriage, means for adjusting the elevation of said leveling device relative to said carriage, and a multiplicity of anti-friction rollers mounted on each of said runners in closely spaced relation along the bottoms thereof.

while at the same time the paver is compelled to 1 follow the truck around curves; and the paver can be equipped with the power operated combined leveling and raker bar-shown in Figs. 1420 which provides a simple, rugged and fully adjustable mechanism for raking and smoothing the deposited strip to any desired form. While I have shown a specific embodiment of my invention it will be appreciated'thatthe paver can be greatly modified in constructionwithout departing from the invention and the invention is therefore not to be construed as limited to any particular em.

bodiment but is to be accorded thefull range of equivalents comprehended by the following claims.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a road spreader of the character de-- scribed, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to bepaved, a pair of runners connected with said carriage and drawn along the surface to be paved, a leveling device carried by said runners, means for adjusting the elevation of said leveling device relative to said runners and a multiplicity of anti-friction rollers mounted on 4. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved and having front and rear axles, front and rear wheels mounted on said axles, a pair of runners each having its opposite ends connected to the front and rear axle at each side of the machine, a, hopper mounted on the front end of said carriage and extending transversely thereof, said hopper having a discharge opening in its bottom through which the paving materials are deposited on the surface to be paved, a spreading and leveling means mounted on said carriage in rear of said hopper and adapted to spread and level the material discharged from said hopper, means for adjusting the elevation of said spreading and leveling means and a plurality of anti-friction rollers mounted on said runners in spaced relation along the bottoms thereof.

5. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a plow including a plow point and a plurality of blades extending rearwardly and outwardly from a position behind said plow point, means for laterally extending and contracting said blades, means for supporting the rear ends of said blades and means for supporting' the front ends of said blades including a member adj ustable lengthwise of the line of movement of the machine.

6. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a plow comprising a plow nose and a pair of blades having their front ends arranged behind said nose and pivoted to permit means for adjustablyelevating said bracket relative to said supporting member, connecting means between said plow nose and said bracket and means connecting the front ends of said blades to said bracket and permitting the rear ends thereof to be moved laterally.

face to be paved, a plow comprising a plow noseand a pair of blades having their front endsarranged behind said nose and pivoted to permit the rear ends of said blades to be moved toward andfrom one another, means for extending and contracting said plow blades, means for supporting the rear ends of said plow blades from said carriage and means for supporting the front end of said plow blades comprising a supporting member mounted on said carriage and adjustable lengthwise of its path of travel, a bracket disposed below said supporting member, a post extending upwardly from said bracket and movable in a vertical guideway in said supporting member, means for adjustably elevating said bracket relative to said supporting member, connecting means between said plow nose and said bracket, means pivotally connecting the front ends of said plow blades to one another and means connecting the front ends of said I blades to said bracket and permitting the rear ends thereof to be moved laterally.

8. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a plow comprising a plow nose and a pair of blades having their front ends arranged behind said nose and pivoted to permit the rear ends of said blades to be moved toward and from one another, means for extending and contracting said plow blades, means for supporting the rear ends of said plow blades from said carriage and means for supporting the front end of said plow blades comprising a supporting member mounted on said carriage and adjustable lengthwise on its path of travel, a bracket disposed below said supporting member, a post extendingupwardly from said bracket and movable in a vertical guideway in said supporting member, means for adjustably elevating said bracket relative to said supporting member, connecting means between said plow nose and said bracket and means connecting the front ends of said blades to said bracket and permitting the rear ends thereof to be moved laterally comprising a pair of horizontal pins pivotally connected to the front ends of said blades and moving in transverse slideways provided in said bracket.

9. In a road spreader of the character described, aicarriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a plow including a pair of blades each pivotally mounted at its front end and connected to said carriage, means for adjusting the 1 front end of said plow vertically relative to said carriage, a turnbuckle permanently connecting the rear ends of said blades, means for turning said turnbuckle, bearings embracing the opposite ends of said turnbuckle, a post extending upwardly from each of said bearings and sliding in vertical slideways provided in said carriage and ,meansfor independently adjusting the vertical position of said bearings relative to said carriage.

10. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a plow including a pair of blades each pivotally mounted at its front end and connected to said carriage, means for adjusting the front end of said plow vertically relative to said carriage, a turnbuckle permanently connecting the rear ends of said blades and including a pair of oppositely threaded screws each pivotally connected to' one of said blades, turnbuckle sleeve means connecting said screws, means for turning said turnbuckle sleeve means, bearings embracing the opposite ends of said turnbuckle sleeve means, a post extending upwardly from each of said bearlugs and sliding in vertical 'slideways provided in said carriage and means for independently adjusting the vertical position of said bearings relative to said carriage comprising a, vertical hand screw connecting each bearing with said carriage and having threaded engagement with one and a rotatable connection with the other.

11. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a plow including a pair of blades each pivotally mounted at its front end and connected to said carriage, means for adjusting the front end of said plow vertically relative to said carriage and means for adjustably supporting the rear ends of said blades and permitting their adjustment toward and from one another comprising a cross bar at the rear end of said carriage, means connecting said cross bar and carriage and permitting the vertical movement of said cross bar relative to said carriage, means for adjustably raising and lowering said cross bar relative to said carriage, bearings extending downwardly from said cross bar, turnbuckle sleeve means journaled in said bearings, oppositely threaded screws mounted in the opposite ends of said turnbuckle sleeve means and extended and contracted on turning said turnbuckle sleeve means and means pivotally connecting each of said screws with the corresponding plow blade.

12. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a V-shaped plow including a pair of blades each pivotally mounted at its front end and supported by said carriage, means for extending and contracting the rear ends of said plow blades and an L-shaped spreader wing at the rear end of each of said blades including a vertical plate pivotally connected adjacent its center to the corresponding plow blade to swing about a vertical axis, a vertical plate extending forwardly from the outer end of said pivotally mounted vertical plate, means for adjustably moving each spreader wing'about its pivotal connection with the plow blade, an edger plate secured to the face of each of said last vertical plates and means for adjusting said edger plates vertically relative to said wings.

13. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a combined raker and leveling bar extending transversely of the carriage, means carried by said carriage for supporting said raker and leveling bar for longitudinal reciprocation and means for reciprocating said raker and leveling bar, said raker and leveling bar comprising carried by said carriage for supporting said raker,

and leveling bar for longitudinal reciprocation and means for reciprocating said raker and leveling bar, said raker and leveling bar comprising a flat substantially horizontal trailing part, a front, part extending forwardly and upwardly from said trailing part and guiding the material under said trailing part, and a plurality oi? scarifying members carried by saidfront part comprising a plurality of pointed spikes extending downwardly therefrom perpendicularly to the said front part. a

15. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface .to be paved, a combined raker and leveling bar extending transversely of the carriage, means carried by said carriage for supporting said raker and leveling bar for longitudinal reciprocation and means for reciprocating said 'raker and level-, ing bar, said raker and leveling bar comprising a flat substantially horizontal trailing part, a front part, extending forwardly and upwardly from said trailing part and guiding the material under said trailing part, and a plurality of scarifying members carried by said front part comprising a plurality of pointed spikes extending downwardly therefrom and means adiustably mounting said spikes on said front part to permit them to be extended to compensate for wear.

16. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surfaceto be paved, a combined raker and leveling bar extending transversely of the carriage, means carried by said carriage for supporting said raker ed to engage and level the paving material, and

a front part extending forwardly and upwardly from said trailing part and guiding the material under said trailing part and said front part being provided with a plurality of slots extending in- 'wardly from its leading edge to permit of readily crowning the raker and leveling bar.

17. In a road spreader of the character de-. scribed, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a supporting beam extending transversely of the carriage, means for adjusting said beam vertically relatively to said carriage, means restraining endwise and rearward movement of said beam, a bar slidingly mounted on said beam and arranged parallel therewith, means for reciprocating said bar lengthwise of said beam, a leveling bar arranged under and parallel with said sliding bar and a plurality of vertical turnbuckles connecting said bars at spaced intervals, said tumbuckles adjusting the curvature of said leveling bar.'

18. In a road spreader of the character de- 1 scribed,'a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a supporting beamextending transversely of the carriage, means for adjusting said beam vertically relatively to said carriage, means restraining endwise and rearward movement of said beam, a bar slidingly mounted a on said beam and arranged parallel therewith,

means for reciprocating said bar lengthwise of said beam, a leveling barvarranged under and parallel with said sliding bar, a pair of rigid means for adjusting said beam vertically relative and engaging a rear face to said carriage, a bar slidingly mounted on said beam and arranged parallel therewith, means for reciprocating said bar lengthwise relative to said beam and a leveling bar carried by said'sliding bar and extending parallel therewith.

20. In a road spreader of the character de-- 'said beam, a bar slidingly mounted on said beam and arranged parallel therewith, means for reciprocating said bar lengthwise relative to said beam and a leveling bar carried by said sliding bar and extending parallel therewith.

21. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a supporting beam extending transversely of the carriage, a pair of generally horizontal tension links pivotally connecting-the oppositeends of said beam with said carriage, a bar slidingly mounted on said beam and arranged parallel therewith, means for reciprocating said bar lengthwise relative to said beam, a leveling bar carried by said sliding bar and extending parallel therewith and means for independently adjusting each end of said beam vertically relative to said carriage comprising a cable supporting each end of said beam from said carriage, means for adjusting the effective length of said cable, springs carried by said carriage and urging said links downwardly and means for adlusting the effective pressure exerted by said springs.

22. In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the sur- 1 face to be paved, a pair of brackets mounted at each side of said carriage, an edger plate mounted on eachof said brackets and vertically adjustable relative thereto, means for'independently adjusting said edger plates relative to said brackets, a leveling bar extending transversely of said carriage and slidingly supported at its ends on said edger plates, means for reciprocating said leveling bar transversely of the carriage, means for adjusting the curvature of said leveling bar to provide a surface having the desired crown, means yieidinglyresisting upward movement of a each end of said levelingbar and means restraining rearward movement of said leveling bar.

23..In a road spreader of the character described, a carriage adapted to traverse the surface to be paved, a continuous series of substantially vertical gates mounted on said carriage and 2 arranged in line transversely of said carriage, the lower edges of said gates being arranged in closely spaced relation to the surface to be paved whereby paving material deposited in advance of said gates passes between said gates and the surface to be paved and is graded to a contour determined by the positions of said gates and means for independently adjustably raising and lowering each side of each of said gates relative to said surface to be paved and said carriage and the other gates, said gates being arranged in substantially edge to edge relationship whereby the said gates can be regulated to mold the desired crown, pitch and thickness of the strip being laid. V

, Axons; LUNDBYE. 

